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Innes' star (Gliese 422) is an M3.5-type red dwarf,〔 located in constellation Carina.〔(Enter 11 16 00.20551 -57 32 51.5988 )〕 It has around 35% of the mass of the Sun, yet only 1.1% of its luminosity, and an estimated surface temperature of 3,323 K.〔 It is known for the fact that it had once been considered one of the nearest stars to Earth, due to erroneously measured parallax. The estimated distance was less than 10 light-years in the following studies: *In ''List of stars nearer than 5 parsecs'' by Ejnar Hertzsprung (1922) its parallax is 0.339 arcsec (distance is 2.95 pc or 9.62 ly), and it is the 4th closest star system after Alpha Centauri ABC, Barnard's Star and Sirius AB;〔(Hertzsprung (1922) )〕 *In ''A study of the near-by stars'' by Willem Jacob Luyten and Harlow Shapley (1930) its parallax is 0.337 arcsec (distance is 2.97 pc or 9.68 ly), and it is the 4th closest star system after Alpha Centauri ABC, Barnard's Star and 22 H Camelopardalis (Sirius is further);〔(Luyten & Shapley (1930) )〕 *In ''List of stars nearer than five parsecs'' by Peter van de Kamp (1930) its parallax is 0.34 arcsec (distance is 2.94 pc or 9.59 ly), and it is the 7th closest star system after Alpha Centauri ABC, Barnard's Star, Wolf 359, Lalande 21185, Sirius AB and BD-12 4523;〔(van de Kamp (1930) )〕 *In ''Stars within ten parsecs of the Sun'' by Louise Freeland Jenkins (1937) its parallax is 0.34 arcsec (distance is 2.94 pc or 9.59 ly), and it is the 6th closest star system after Alpha Centauri, Barnard's Star, Wolf 359, Lalande 21185 and Sirius.〔(Jenkins (1937) )〕 Its actual distance is 12.7 pc or 41.3 light-years, based on parallax by van Leeuwen (2007): arcsec.〔 Innes' star was discovered in 1920 by Robert T. A. Innes in Union Observatory, Union of South Africa, who had discerned its large proper motion and a parallax of 0.337 arcsec.〔(Innes (1920) ) (Innes' star discovery paper)〕 The discovery was published in ''Circular of the Union Observatory'' No. 49, hence its discovery name is ''UO 49'',〔(Porter ''et al.'' (1930) ) (See 624)〕 or ''In UOC 49''.〔 However, ''UO'' designations should be used with caution since they are often not unique for each star: the number in the name is the number of ''Circular'', so all stars published in one ''Circular'' have identical names. So, all other newfound stars, published in the 49th ''Circular'', may be named ''UO 49'' too. In 2014, a Mega-Earth or a mini-Neptune ''GJ 422 b'' of approximately 10-Earth-masses was discovered in the system of this star, orbiting the star every 26 days and lying at a distance of around 0.11 astronomical units (AU)—11% of the distance between our Earth and Sun—in the stellar system's habitable zone, which for this star has been calculated to lie between 0.11 and 0.21 AU.〔 This star is one of a few stars named after people — named after a scientist, whereas the majority of proper names of stars have ancient origins or medieval, in the main Arabic, ones. Certain stars, found to be nearby due to their large proper motion, also fall into this class and are named after their discoverers: Barnard's Star; Kapteyn's Star; Luyten's Star; van Maanen's Star: van Biesbroeck's Star; and Teegarden's Star. Innes is also known as the discoverer of Proxima Centauri. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Innes' star」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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